Heat waves in 20 led to peaks in subsidence claims. This shrink–swell behaviour is the most damaging geohazard in Britain today, costing the economy £540 million following a drought in 1991. ![]() Swelling pressures can cause heave, or lifting of structures, whilst shrinkage can cause settlement or subsidence, which may be differential. Shrink–swell is the volume change that occurs as a result of changes in the moisture content of clay-rich soils. What causes shrinking and swelling soils?.These soils present significant geotechnical and structural challenges to anyone wishing to build on or in them. Shrink–swell, or expansive, soils are one of the most costly and globally widespread geological hazards, with costs estimated to run into several billion pounds annually. What are we doing about climate change?.Understanding carbon capture and storage.What causes the Earth’s climate to change?. ![]() NGR hydrocarbons (well samples) database. ![]()
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